一、反意疑問(wèn)句(Disjunctive Questions)的定義：

反意疑問(wèn)句又叫附加疑問(wèn)句(tag question)在陳述句之后，附加上一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短句，對(duì)陳述句所敘述的事情提出的事情提出相反的疑問(wèn)，這種疑問(wèn)句叫反意疑問(wèn)句。換句話說(shuō)，反意疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成，前一部分是對(duì)是對(duì)事物的陳述，后一部分是針對(duì)所提出是事提出疑問(wèn)。如果前一部分用肯定式，后一部分就用否定式;如果前一部分用否定式，后一部分就用肯定式。反意疑問(wèn)句陳述部分用降調(diào)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句部分可以用升調(diào)，也可以用降調(diào)，這得由提問(wèn)者決定。提問(wèn)者對(duì)陳述部分把握較大時(shí)，問(wèn)句用降調(diào);把握不大時(shí)用升調(diào)。

二、反意疑問(wèn)句前后兩部分所遵循的規(guī)則：

1.前后語(yǔ)氣相反

A.前一部分用肯定式，后一部分就用否定式。

(1)You are a student,aren't you?

(2)She reads Chinese every day,doesn't she?

(3)John went to school,didn't he?

(4)She has done his homework,hasn't she?

(5)They can speak English,can't they?

(6)You will come in,won't you?

B.前一部分用否定式，后一部分就用肯定式。

(1)He isn't a singer,is he?

(2)They don't play the guitar,do they?

(3)You couldn't write it,could you?

(4)We didn't see Tom,did we?

(5)She hasn't seen Lily,has she?

(6)He can't ride the bike,can he?

2.前后人稱一致

(1)We are teachers,aren't we?

(2)She comes from Japan,doesn't she?

(3)He read maths every day last year,didn't he?

(4)They have done their work,haven't they?

(5)It will be fine,won't it?

3.前后時(shí)態(tài)一致

(1)You are a teacher,aren't you?

(2)He comes from Japan,doesn't he?

(3)She studied Chinese last year,didn't she?

(4)They have learned English,haven't they?

(5)It will rain,won't it?

4.簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句部分要用縮寫(xiě)形式

(1)You are a student,aren't you?

(2)She reads Chinese every day,doesn't she?

(3)John went to scholl,didn't he?

(4)She has done his homework,hasn't she?

(5)They can speak English,can't they?

(6)You will come in,won't you?

5.簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句部分的主語(yǔ)要用人稱代詞主格

(1)This book is yours,isn't it?

(2)Tom dosen't know me,does he?

(3)Lucy and Lily played the piano,didn't they?

(4)Kate's dog has eaten 3 chichens,hasn't it?

(5)His desk and bike are red,aren't they?

(6)His milk isn't bad,is it?

三、反意疑問(wèn)句中的特例：

1.There be變成be There：

eg:There are 3 dogs,are there?

2.I am a worker,aren't(an't)I?

3.陳述部分是祈使句時(shí)，從句應(yīng)具體情況具體對(duì)待

(1)Don't forget it,will you?(不用Won't you?)

(2)Come here early please,will(won't)you?

(3)Let's go to the beach,shall(shan't)we?

(4)Let us go to the beach,will(won't)you?

4.陳述部分謂語(yǔ)是think,suppose,believe,expect等，且主語(yǔ)為第一人稱或第二人稱時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)略句肯定或否定語(yǔ)氣與主句對(duì)應(yīng)，而主語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)卻與從句一致

(1)I don't think you are right,are you?

(2)I don't believe he has done it,has he?

5.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)為代詞-body,-one構(gòu)成的不定代詞時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)略句的主語(yǔ)多用they;當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)為-ing構(gòu)成的不定代詞時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)略句的主語(yǔ)多用it

(1)Everyone is here,aren't they?

(2)Playing football in the street is right,isn't it?

6.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)為代詞：this,that,nothing,不定式，動(dòng)名詞或從句時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)略句的主語(yǔ)用it;陳述部分的主語(yǔ)為these,those,nobody,eveybody,somebody等，簡(jiǎn)略句的主語(yǔ)用they

(1)That is a dog,isn't it?

(2)These are apples,aren't they?

(3)Nothing is right,is it?

(4)To see is to believe,isn'it?

(5)Everyone comes here,don't they?

(6)Nobody can help us,can they?

(7)Everything is ready,isn't it?

7.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)含有no,never,hardly,little,seldom few等詞，這部分按否定處理，為簡(jiǎn)略句應(yīng)用肯定式

(1)He can hardly read English,can he?

(2)It seldom rains here,does it?

(3)He has no classes today,does he?

8.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)含有un-,-less,dis-等帶有前(后)綴的詞，這部分按肯定處理，簡(jiǎn)略句應(yīng)用否定式

(1)It is unfair,isn't it?

(2)He dislike it,doesn't he?

9.當(dāng)陳述部分的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)時(shí)的特殊情況：

A.當(dāng)陳述部分的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)時(shí)簡(jiǎn)略句應(yīng)以情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，去作相應(yīng)的變化。

(1)Jack must have arrived here,hasn't he?

(2)Li Ping must have finished her work last night,didn't she?

B.反意疑問(wèn)句的特殊答語(yǔ)

對(duì)于反意疑問(wèn)句的的回答，不管問(wèn)題的提法如何，如果事實(shí)是肯定的，就用yes;如果事實(shí)否定的，就用no

當(dāng)陳述部分為否定時(shí)要特別注意，這時(shí)的英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)的答語(yǔ)是不同的。例如：

a.當(dāng)陳述部分為肯定，簡(jiǎn)略句部分為否定時(shí)的答語(yǔ)和一般疑問(wèn)句相同。

(1)He is a student,isn't he?

(2)Yes,he is.No,he isn't.(是的，他是。不，他不是。)

b.當(dāng)陳述部分為否定，簡(jiǎn)略句部分為肯定時(shí)的答語(yǔ)。當(dāng)陳述部分為否定，簡(jiǎn)略句為肯定時(shí)的答語(yǔ)時(shí)意義就會(huì)和漢語(yǔ)大相徑庭：Yes,No和漢語(yǔ)的意義相反。

(1)Kate didn't play the piano yesterday,did she?

Yes,she did.No,she didn't.(不，他彈了。是的，他沒(méi)彈。)

(2)They aren't reading the book,are they?

Yes,they are.No,they are't.(不，他們正在讀。是的，他們沒(méi)讀。)

(3)Lucy didn't ride the bike,did she?

Yes,she did.No,she didn't.(不，她騎了。是的，他沒(méi)騎。)

大家在平常只要能巧記、多用。特殊情況，特殊對(duì)待，在交際中會(huì)輕松掌握。相信：以不變?nèi)?yīng)萬(wàn)變，因?yàn)?ldquo;萬(wàn)變不離其宗”。